英語是拼音文字,所有的詞匯都是由26個字母拼出來的,而在成千上萬的不同拼法中,基本發音因素卻只有39-47個,這說明26個字母與基本音素間是有著一定的關聯的。
字母與發音一一對應的輔音
有多個發音的輔音:
y在單詞起始位置時發音為輔音 yes, you, yard, year, yell
y在單詞或音節中間或結尾時被當做元音
y在結尾,單詞只有一個音節時y發長/i/音,
y在結尾,單詞有兩個或以上音節時y發長/e/音
y在單詞或音節中間時,發短/i/音
字母組合 例詞:
帶有l的字母組合
bl-- black, blame, bless, blue, blast
cl --clock, class, clap, clue, close
fl --flag, fly, flat, flash, flower
gl --glass, glad, glide, glue, globe
pl --plate, plane, place, plus, plan
sl --sled, sleep, slow, slide, slim
帶有r的字母組合
br --bridge, break, brave, brown, bread
cr --crab, crack, crop, crown, creek
dr --dress, drag, drink, drive, drop
fr --frog, fresh, free, from, front
gr --grape, grade, grass, grin, grunt
pr --press, pride, price, print, proof
tr --truck, track, true, train, tree
帶有s的字母組合
sc --scale, scar, score, scare, scuff
sk --skate, skip, skill, skull, skin
sm --smoke, smile, smog, smell, smear
sn --snake, snap, snore, snow, snug
sp --spoon, spin, spot, spell, sport
st --stop, stack, stay, step, still
sw --swim, swell, swing, sweet, swift
tw --twig, tweet, twist, twin, twine
三個字母組合
shr --shrink, shred, shrill, shrimp, shrub
spl --splash, split, splice, splint, splurge
spr --spread, spring, spree, sprain, spray
squ --square, squad, squirrel, squat, squeak
str --string, strip, straw, stream, street
thr --throw, three, throne, thrift, thrill
在結尾的字母組合
ck(只發一個/k/音) --duck, pack, quick, luck, rock
ld --cold, gold, held, mild, bald
lk --milk, silk, elk, sulk, skulk
mp --lamp, damp, champ, hump, dump
nch --inch, ranch, lunch, bench, crunch
nd --hand, kind, bend, stand, mind
ng(這個音比較特別,是舌頭抵住上顎后方所發出的鼻音)--ring, long, sing, wing, lung
nk --sink, bank, trunk, pink, ink
nt --tent, ant, hunt, sent, mint
sh --fish, rash, brush, wish, trash
st --vest, last, test, list, lost
字母組合 不發音字母 例詞
gh h ghost, ghetto, ghastly
gn g gnat, gnarl, gnaw, gnome, sign
kn k knife, knit, know, knock, knee
mb b comb, lamb, thumb, dumb, climb
pn p pneumonia
ps p psalm, psychic, psychology
rh h rhinoceros, rhyme, rhythm
sc c scissors, scent, scene, scenery, scenario
wr w wrong, wrist, wrap, wretch, wrench
gh gh light, high, eight, sigh, night
學習phonics,除了要熟記各種規則外,還應多讀,多練,才能把各種不規則發音牢記在心,靈活運用。