作為新型降糖藥的一員,GLP-1RA類藥物已為司美格魯肽片劑打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。注射類GLP-1RA顯著降糖、減重,改善多重代謝因素,甚至部分藥物具有心腎獲益,已然成為T2DM治療的“耀眼明星”。那么首個(gè)GLP-1RA口服片劑——司美格魯肽片劑在臨床上能否依然延續(xù)注射GLP-1RA制劑的臨床療效和安全性呢?司美格魯肽片劑的一系列Ⅲa期臨床研究以“PIONEER”(Peptide InnOvatioN for Early diabEtes tReatment,為糖尿病早期治療進(jìn)行的肽類革命)命名給出了相應(yīng)的答案(圖4)。其中PIONEER1-8是全球系列研究(均已完成并公布結(jié)果), PIONEER 9和10是日本人群研究(已完成并公布結(jié)果,此處未展示),PIONEER 11和12是中國(guó)人群為主的研究(已完成,尚未公布結(jié)果)。 *稍后諾和諾德醫(yī)學(xué)資訊平臺(tái)會(huì)為大家逐一展示PIONEER系列研究的具體數(shù)據(jù)。
[1].Brayden, D.J., J. Gleeson, and E.G. Walsh, A head-to-head multi-parametric high content analysis of a series of medium chain fatty acid intestinal permeation enhancers in Caco-2 cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm, 2014. 88(3): p. 830-39.[2].Buckley, S.T., et al., Transcellular stomach absorption of a derivatized glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. Sci Transl Med, 2018. 10(467).[3].RV Overgaard presented on 2019 EASD, Barcelona, Spain[4].Granhall, C., et al., Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Tolerability of Oral Semaglutide in Subjects with Renal Impairment. Clin Pharmacokinet, 2018. 57(12): p. 1571-1580.[5].Baekdal, T.A., et al., Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Oral Semaglutide in Subjects With Hepatic Impairment. J Clin Pharmacol, 2018. 58(10): p. 1314-1323.[6].Nordisk, N., RYBELSUS? (semaglutide) tablets, for oral use 2. 2019.[7].Nordisk, N., SUMMARY OF Rybelsus 3 mg/7 mg/14 mg tablets CHARACTERISTICS. 2019.[8].Meier J et al. 1013–P. ADA 79th Scientific Sessions. June 09, 2019.[9].Baekdal, T.A., et al., A randomized study investigating the effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of oral semaglutide. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol, 2018. 14(8): p. 869-877.[10].Baekdal, T.A., et al., Effect of Oral Semaglutide on the Pharmacokinetics of Lisinopril, Warfarin, Digoxin, and Metformin in Healthy Subjects. Clin Pharmacokinet, 2019. 58(9): p. 1193-1203.[11].Baekdal TA et al. Poster 714. EASD 54th Annual Meeting. 1–5 October, 2018.[12].Hauge C et al. Poster SAT-140. ENDO 101st Annual Meeting and Expo. 23–26 March, 2019.[13].Jordy AB et al. Poster 713. EASD 54th Annual Meeting. 1–5 October, 2018.[14].Aroda, V.R., et al., PIONEER 1: Randomized Clinical Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Semaglutide Monotherapy in Comparison With Placebo in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 2019. 42(9): p. 1724-1732.[15].Rodbard, H.W., et al., Oral Semaglutide Versus Empagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Uncontrolled on Metformin: The PIONEER 2 Trial. Diabetes Care, 2019. 42(12): p. 2272-2281.[16].Rosenstock, J., et al., Effect of Additional Oral Semaglutide vs Sitagliptin on Glycated Hemoglobin in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Uncontrolled With Metformin Alone or With Sulfonylurea: The PIONEER 3 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA, 2019. 321(15): p. 1466-1480.[17].Pratley, R., et al., Oral semaglutide versus subcutaneous liraglutide and placebo in type 2 diabetes (PIONEER 4): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3a trial. Lancet, 2019. 394(10192): p. 39-50.[18].Mosenzon, O., et al., Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate renal impairment (PIONEER 5): a placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 3a trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2019. 7(7): p. 515-527.[19].Husain, M., et al., Oral Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med, 2019. 381(9): p. 841-851.[20].Pieber, T.R., et al., Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide with flexible dose adjustment versus sitagliptin in type 2 diabetes (PIONEER 7): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3a trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2019. 7(7): p. 528-539.[21].Zinman, B., et al., Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Oral Semaglutide Versus Placebo Added to Insulin With or Without Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The PIONEER 8 Trial. Diabetes Care, 2019. 42(12): p. 2262-2271.[22].Husain, M., M. Donsmark, and S.C. Bain, Oral Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. Reply. N Engl J Med, 2019. 381(21): p. 2076-2077.