如何培養孩子的批判性思維能力?最簡單的辦法就是從提問開始!
在課內外閱讀或課堂教學中,教師或家長可以使用一些問題來引導孩子學會更深入地思考。L醬準備了一些非常有效的批判性思維問題,一起來看看吧!
01
Critical Thinking Questions That Start With Who
以Who開頭的問題,引導孩子評價角色,對角色的行為或事件的影響進行推理和預測,在進行角色分析的時候非常適用。
★ Who caused harm? 誰造成了危害?
★ Who was the most important character? 誰是最重要的角色?
★ Who is responsible? 誰是負責任的人?
★ Who should have won? 誰應當獲勝?
★ Who would benefit? 誰會受益?
★ Who would be affected by this? 誰會受此事影響?
02
Critical Thinking Questions That Start With What
以What開頭的問題,適用情境極多,鍛煉孩子的分析、評價和創新等高階思維能力。
★ What would it be like if … ? 如果...故事會是什么樣子?
★ What could happen if … ? 如果....會發生什么?
★ What other outcomes might have happened? 其他可能發生的結果是什么?
★ What questions would you have asked? 你會問什么樣的問題?
★ What would you ask the author about … ? 關于...你會問作者什么問題?
★ What was the point of … ? ...(事件或問題等)的重點是什么?
★ What should have happened instead? 作為替代,應該發生什么?
★ What is that character's motive? 那個角色的動機是什么?
★ What else could have changed the whole story? 還有什么可以改變整個故事?
★ What can you conclude? 你能得出什么結論?
★ What would your position have been in that situation? 在那種情況下,你的立場是什么?
★ What makes your position stronger? 什么讓你的立場更堅定?
★ What was the turning point? 轉折點是什么?
★ What did it mean when … ? 當...時,...是什么意思?
★ What is the other side of this argument? 這個論點的反面觀點是什么?
★ What was the purpose of … ? ...的目的是什么?
★ What does ... mean? ...是什么意思?
★ What is the problem you are trying to solve? 你正在試圖解決的問題是什么?
★ What does the evidence say? 證據表明了什么?
★ What assumptions are you making? 你會做出什么假設?
★ What's a better alternative? 更好的選擇是什么?
03
Critical Thinking Questions That Start With Where
以Where開頭的問題,引導孩子關注文本,找到證據來支撐自己的觀點。
★ Where did the story change? 故事在哪里發生了變化?
★ Where would you most often find this problem? 你經常在哪里發現這個問題?
★ Where are there similar situations? 哪里有類似的情況?
★ Where would you go to get answers to this problem? 你會去哪里獲得這個問題的答案?
★ Where can this be improved? 這個問題(情況)哪里可以改善?
★ Where can you get more information? 你在哪里可以得到更多信息?
04
Critical Thinking Questions That Start With When
以When開頭的問題,引導孩子關注事件或問題發生及持續的時間,深入思考事件或問題之間隱藏的關聯。
★ When did the story change? 故事什么時候發生了改變?
★ When is this (un)acceptable? 什么時候這個情況(結果)是(不)可以接受的?
★ When does this become a problem? 這個情況(事件)什么時候成為了一個問題?
★ When will we be able to tell if it worked? 我們什么時候能知道這個事物是否有效?
★ When is it time to stop? (事件)措施什么時候停止?
05
Critical Thinking Questions That Start With Why
以Why開頭的問題,引導孩子思考事件或問題的因果關聯。
★ Why is this a problem? 為什么這(事件)成為一個問題?
★ Why did the character say … ? 這個角色為什么說...?
★ Why did the author decide to … ? 作者為什么決定...?
★ Why did that happen? 那件事為什么會發生?
★ Why is this important? 這件事為什么重要?
★ Why do you think I (he, she, they) asked that question? 你認為我(他、她、他們)為什么問那個問題?
06
Critical Thinking Questions That Start With How
以How開頭的問題,引導孩子對文本內容進行比較、評價、分析,深入思考問題的解決辦法。
★ How would you solve … ? 你將如何解決...?
★ How is this different from other situations? 這與其他情況有哪些不同?
★ How is this similar to … ? 這與...有哪些相似之處?
★ How would you use … ? 你會如何使用...?
★ How could the story have ended differently? 故事結局會有哪些不一樣?
★ How does this work? 這(事物)是如何工作的?
★ How could this be harmful? 這(事物)有什么樣的危害?
★ How else could this have been handled? 這件事會如何處理?
★ How should they have responded? 他們應當如何回應?
★ How would you feel about … ? 你覺得...怎么樣?
★ How does this change the outcome? 這是如何改變結果的?
07
Other Critical Thinking Questions
其他類型的批判性思維問題,引導孩子應用自己的背景知識或學到的新知識來解決問題。
★ Can you give me an example? 你能舉個例子嗎?
★ Do you agree with … ? 你同意...?
★ Can you compare this with … ? 你能把這個(事物)和...進行比較嗎?
★ Can you defend the actions of … ? 你能為...的行為辯護嗎?
★ Could this be interpreted differently? 這個(事物)能用不同的方式來解釋嗎?