老師:沃格穆特(Michael Wolgemut,1434-1519)
流派:文藝復興
Bacchanal with Silenus,1481阿爾弗雷德·丟勒是最出色的木刻版畫和銅版畫家之一。丟勒主要作品有《啟示錄》、《基督大難》、《小受難》、《男人浴室》、《海怪》、《浪蕩子》、《偉大的命運》、《亞當與夏娃》、《騎士、死亡與惡魔》等。丟勒的水彩風景畫是他最偉大的成就之一,這些作品氣氛和情感表現得極其生動。丟勒作品《亞當和夏娃》,眾所周知,夏娃受到蛇的引誘偷食禁果,遭受懲罰,奠定了女性在社會中的基本地位。
The Adoration of the Magi,1501-1502
阿爾弗雷德·丟勒少年時曾追隨父親習藝,丟勒對繪畫表現出特殊的才能,13歲時就能逼真的畫自己的肖像,19歲時丟勒為父親所畫的肖像已充分顯示他成熟的素描功力,可與達芬奇遙相呼應。后來丟勒在畫家沃格穆特處工作三年。沃格穆特的大工作坊也為丟勒的教父、印刷商兼出版家安東·柯貝爾格,制作木刻插畫。在當時,這家最大的廠子,對丟勒產生了很大影響,他在兒童時代初次接觸到銅技巧,這個經久不滅的印象,對丟勒后來在版畫藝術方面創造性地發揮起了決定作用。
Christ Shown to the People,1511
師滿后,年輕的畫家阿爾弗雷德·丟勒走出畫室沿著萊茵河游歷德國主要工業城市,到過法蘭克福,訪問過科隆和巴賽爾。4年間的旅行學習考察對畫家丟勒的世界觀形成和藝術發展起了決定性作用。23歲的丟勒已是一位有影響的藝術家,在這一年里,丟勒與故鄉的一位音樂家的女兒阿格列薩·弗湟伊結了婚,此后丟勒作為首飾匠和畫家開始了獨立工作。
View of Bergen op Zoom,1520
阿爾弗雷德·丟勒作為德國最偉大的畫家,他的藝術探索對德國的影響是深遠的。正如有人評論的那樣,“丟勒是德意志的代表民族畫家。丟勒同時又是把意大利文藝復興思想帶進德意志,并開創了德意志民族藝術新紀元的藝術奠基人。”恩格斯也曾高度評價過丟勒,并把丟勒和達芬奇視為是需要巨人的時代所產生的巨人。
St George
阿爾弗雷德·丟勒是北部文藝復興的代表人物。當時的德國正處于其歷史上最為暗淡的一段時期,思想和信仰的混亂,饑荒和瘟疫(黑死病)無情地奪去大批人的生命,社會矛盾的激化。這使德國的文化與藝術疲弱不振,外于嚴重的低迷狀態。與此同時,以意大利為首的歐洲各國卻已經先后走出中世紀,進入了政治、經濟和文化的開放與繁榮時期,人文主義的光輝已經照亮歐洲大陸。于是,作為一個德國畫家,丟勒只能在一個代表著過去的落后國度里苦苦追求和傳播著“現代”歐洲的先進思想。
Self-Portrait at 13,1484
Madonna and Child with musical angels,1485
Albrech Durer the Elder,1486
Saint John`s Church,1489
Fencing Reiter,1489
Society on horseback,1489
Soldiers,1489
Soldiers under the cross,1489
Alliance Coat of Arms,1490
Portrait Albrecht Dürer the Elder,1490
Portrait of Barbara,1490
Watermill at the montaсa,1489-1490
Self-Portrait with a wrap,1491-1492
St Jerome,1492
Adoration of kings,1490-1493
Christ as the Man of Sorrows,1493
Jesus boy with Globe,1493
Nude,1493
Self-Portrait,1493
Self-Portrait,1493
Study sheet with self-portrait, hand, and cushions,1493
One of the wise virgins,1493
Youth with executioner,1493
Courtyard of the Former Castle in Innsbruck with Clouds,1494
Courtyard of the Former Castle in Innsbruck without Clouds,1494
Linden Tree on a Bastion,1494
Lion,1494
Muse Calliope,1494
My Agnes,1494
Orpheus Slain By Bacchantes, With A Boy Running Away,1494
Prudentia,1494
Fighting Seekentauren,1494
Handestudien,1494
Holy Family,1493-1494
Portrait of a Woman,1494
Rest on the Flight to Egypt,1490-1494
St. Martin,1494
Study of Three Hands,1494
Study sheet with Madonna and child, hand and sleeve,1490-1494
The ship of fool,1494
The Trefilería on Peignitz,1494
The Trefilería on Peignitz,1494
The Annunciation,1502
Tilo on the cantilever of a bastion,1494
Young Hare,1502
Wire Drawing Mill,1494
Horse final death,1502
Young couple,1492-1494
Nude Woman with the Zodiac,1502
A lobster,1495
Philosophia (personification of philosophy),1502
Abduction Of A Woman (Rape Of The Sabine Women),1495
Sixtus Tucher in open grave,1502
Five Lansquenets And An Oriental On Horseback,1495
Study to a large fortune,1500-1502
Fortune,1495
Violet Bouquet,1502
Landscape near Segonzano in the Valley Cembra,1495
A Life of the Virgin,1503
Lobster,1495
Christ among the Doctors in the Temple,1503
Lobster,1495
Coat Of Arms With A Skull,1503
Nude Study (Nude Female from the Back),1495
Christ Taken Captive,1511
Great piece of turf study of weeds,1503
Putti Dancing and Making Music,1495
Christ Taking Leave of His Mother,1511
Head of a Stag,1503
Study of the Christ Child,1495
Christ Washing Peter s Feet,1511
Lamentation for Christ,1500-1503
The Castle at Trento,1495
Crucifixion,1511
Madonna On A Grassy Bench,1503
The city of Trento,1495
Joachim and the Angel from the 'Life of the Virgin',1511
Madonna with the many animals,1503
The Conversion Of St. Paul,1495
Madonna as nursing mother and divine being,1511
Nemesis (The Great Fortune),1501-1503
The Great Courier,1495
Pilate Washing His Hands,1511
Paumgartner Altar,1503
The holy family with the dragon fly,1495
St. Jerome in His Study,1511
Portrait of William Pirckheimer,1503
The Ill-Assorted Couple or the Offer of Love,1495
St. Michael and the Dragon, from a Latin edition,1511
Refusal of Joachim`s Offer,1502-1503
Valley Kalchreuth,1495
St.Christopher carrying the Infant Christ,1511
The Visitation,1503
View of the Arco Valley in the Tyrol,1495
The Adoration of the Holy Trinity (Landauer Altar),1511編輯:油畫世界(ID:ArtYouhua)
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